Early diabetes symptoms and diabetes complications.
Diabetes is often left unattended because its initial symptoms are unclear and not recognized or symptoms are not severe. However, if diabetes is left unattended and leads to complications, it can develop into a life-threatening serious disease.
The carbohydrates we eat through food are decomposed into glucose and absorbed into cells through a hormone called insulin and used as an energy source. However, if insulin does not function normally or lacks, glucose cannot be absorbed into the cells and remains in the blood.
As such, hyperglycemia symptoms that contain excessive blood sugar in the blood are called diabetes.
Type 1 diabetes: It is caused by insulin deficiency. There are many children and adolescents under the age of 20.
Type 2 diabetes: About 90% of all patients are in their 40s and older. It's caused by insufficient insulin or poor functioning.
Pregnant diabetes: refers to the first occurrence of diabetes during pregnancy. Most of them disappear after childbirth, but there is a possibility of recurrence or inheritance.
Early symptoms of diabetes.
Typical initial symptoms include polyuria, next, multiple diets, and weight loss.
Dano refers to an increase in urine volume and number. If the symptoms are severe, the amount of urine per day exceeds 3 liters. Urine frequently increases with spring, followed by drinking a lot of water. In addition, glucose cannot be used as an energy source, increasing hunger and leading to multiple meals. Nevertheless, weight tends to decrease.
Other initial symptoms include fatigue, itching, decreased vision, and peripheral sensory abnormalities.
It can be easily found through blood tests just by receiving a state-run medical examination. High-risk groups and diagnostic criteria outside normal blood sugar levels
High-risk blood sugar levels and glycated hemoglobin
- An empty stomach, blood glucose disorder: 100 to 125 mg/dL
- Endosaccharide disorder: 140 to 199 mg/dL
- Glucose hemoglobin: 5.7%~6.5%.
Diabetes diagnosis Blood sugar levels and glycated hemoglobin
- After an empty stomach for more than 8 hours: 126 mg/dL.
- Load per 75 g oral 2 hours later: 200 mg/dL or higher.
- If initial symptoms such as polyuria, next, weight loss, etc. are accompanied by: 200 mg/dL or more.
- glycated hemoglobin: 6.5% or more
Complications for diabetes.
Diabetic kidney complications - kidneys are tissues that filter out waste from our body. The biggest cause of this kidney deterioration is diabetes, and once damaged, it is difficult to recover. It starts with microalbuminuria caused by a decrease in the ability to filter proteins in the kidneys. Symptoms worsen and develop into chronic renal failure, which may require treatment such as dialysis and kidney transplantation.
Diabetic retinopathy (diabetic eye) - Retinopathy is a nerve tissue corresponding to the camera's film. External light is detected in the retina and transmitted to the brain through the optic nerve to be recognized. Diabetic retinal disease is a disease that causes bleeding and macular edema due to high blood sugar in the retina, leading to decreased vision and blindness. Early symptoms may include symptoms such as changes in vision, blurred focus, and feeling of foreign substances in the eyes.
Diabetic neuropathy - peripheral neuropathy and autonomic neuropathy. Peripheral neurological diseases show symptoms such as loss and deterioration of sensation in the hands or feet, burning, burning pain, reduced muscle reflex or contraction in the tendon. Autonomous neurological diseases include bladder dysfunction, sexual dysfunction, gastrointestinal disorder, orthostatic hypotension, foot ulcer, and sweating disorder.
Acute complications include hypoglycemia, night hypoglycemia, hyperglycemic coma, and ketonic acidemia.
Other complications include high blood pressure, arteriosclerosis, skin itching, foot ulcers, eczema, and alveolar fistula that shake and fall out due to oral diseases.
Most early diabetes symptoms are not particularly severe or there is no discomfort in life, so you don't pay much attention. However, if it progresses longer and complications occur, it is difficult to recover. Therefore, active management is needed from the pre-diabetes stage.